List of Soviet agents in the United States

This is a list of people who worked for intelligence organizations of the Soviet Union and Soviet-aligned countries against the United States.

For more information, see:

Czechoslovakia (StB)

 * Karl Koecher, the mole who penetrated the CIA

Hungary

 * Clyde Lee Conrad, U.S. Army NCO who betrayed NATO secrets.

Poland

 * Marian Zacharski, Polish Intelligence officer arrested in 1981. Among other things, he won access to material on the then-new Patriot and Phoenix missiles, the enhanced version of the Hawk air-to-air missile, radar instrumentation for the F-15 fighter, "stealth radar" for the B-1 and Stealth bombers, an experimental radar system being tested by the U.S. Navy, and submarine sonar.

NKVD and KGB

 * Louis Adamic, writer and spokesman for Yugoslav immigrants. During World War II, he advised the OSS on Balkan questions. Source for Golos-Bentley network via Louis Budenz.
 * Aldrich Ames, CIA officer spying for the Soviet Union beginning in 1985 as a 'walk-in' to the Soviet Embassy in Washington, D.C.
 * Marion Davis Berdecio, friend of Judith Coplon and Flora Wovschin from their days at Barnard College
 * William Weisband, U.S. Army signals intelligence staffer and NKVD agent handler

The "Berg" – "Art" Group

 * Alexander Koral, former engineer of the municipality of New York.
 * Helen Koral, Berg’s wife, housewife.
 * Byron T. Darling, engineer for the Rubber Company.
 * A. A. Yatskov
 * George Blake, United Kingdom SIS officer who betrayed existence of the Berlin Tunnel under the Soviet sector and who probably betrayed Popov.
 * Felix Bloch, U.S. State Department economic officer. Robert Hanssen warned Soviets about the investigation into his activities
 * Christopher John Boyce and Daulton Lee, American walk-in spy for the Soviet Union, known as the Falcon and the Snowman.

Buben group

 * Louis F. Budenz, former member of the Central Committee of the Communist Party USA, former editor of the newspaper Daily Worker, professor at Fordham University.
 * Robert Menaker, commercial traveler (traveling salesman) to a variety of trade firms
 * Salmond Franklin, without specific assignments, husband of “Rita.” Used as a “signaler” [Russian: sviazist = communications man]
 * Sylvia Caldwell, technical secretary for a Trotskyist group in New York City.
 * Lona Cohen, sentenced to 20 years; subject of Hugh Whitemore's drama for stage and TV Pack of Lies
 * Morris Cohen sentenced to 25 years; subject of Hugh Whitemore's drama for stage and TV Pack of Lies
 * Judith Coplon, NKGB counter-intelligence operative in the U.S. Department of Justice; two convictions overturned on technicalities
 * Eugene Dennis, senior member of the Communist Party USA leadership, convicted of advocating the overthrow of the U.S. government an sentenced to five years
 * Samuel Dickstein, Congressman from New York; before being recruited as a Soviet agent in 1937 he served as co-Chairman of a predecessor to the HUAC during hearings into the Business Plot against President Franklin D. Roosevelt
 * Mark Gayn, journalist, The Washington Post; Amerasia case
 * Dieter Gerhardt, South African Navy Commodore who was convicted of spying for the Soviet Union; alleged that the Vela Incident was a joint Israeli-South African nuclear test after being released in 1994 and emigrating to Switzerland
 * Ben-Zion Goldberg (Benjamin Waife), journalist, contributor to Toronto Star, St. Louis Dispatch, New York Post, Today, and The New Republic
 * Theodore Hall, physicist who supplied information from Los Alamos during World War II, a NYC walk-in, never prosecuted
 * Robert P. Hanssen, Federal Bureau of Investigation agent convicted of spying for the Soviet Union, betrayed tunnel under new Mt Alto Soviet Embassy in Washington DC; may have done most damage since Philby
 * Reino Häyhänen, Finn who worked in the US as a Soviet spy directed by Rudolf Abel, used the VIC cypher, defected to the US
 * Edward Lee Howard, ex-Central Intelligence Agency officer who sold info and escaped to Soviet Union in 1985
 * V. J. Jerome, sentenced to three years for advocating overthrow of U.S. government
 * Martin Kamen, Radiation Laboratory at the University of California, Berkeley, Manhattan Project
 * Walter Krivitsky
 * Giovanni Rossi Lomanitz, Berkeley Radiation Laboratory
 * Clayton J. Lonetree, U.S. Marine Embassy guard Sergeant suborned by female KGB agent ('Violetta Sanni') in Moscow, turned himself in to authorities in December 1986, convicted 1987
 * Jay Lovestone
 * Carl Marzani, Deputy Chief Photographic Presentation Branch Office of Strategic Services; United States Department of State
 * Alan Nunn May, physicist who supplied information about the British and American atomic bomb research to the Soviet Union
 * Kate Mitchell

Mocase

 * Boris Morros, Hollywood producer
 * Jack Soble, sentenced to 7 years, brother of Robert Soblen
 * Myra Soble, sentenced to 5½ years
 * Robert Soblen, sentenced to life for spying at Sandia Lab, etc., but escaped to Israel, then committed suicide
 * Jane Zlatovski
 * Mark Zborowski

Perlo group

 * Victor Perlo, was the Chief of the Aviation Section of the War Production Board during World War II; head of branch in Research Section, Office of Price Administration Department of Commerce; Division of Monetary Research Department of the Treasury; and later the Brookings Institution
 * Harold Glasser, Director, Division of Monetary Research, United States Department of the Treasury; United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration; War Production Board; Advisor on North African Affairs Committee; United States Treasury Representative to the Allied High Commission in Italy
 * Alger Hiss, Director of the Office of Special Political Affairs United States Department of State
 * Charles Kramer, Senate Subcommittee on War Mobilization; Office of Price Administration; National Labor Relations Board; Senate Subcommittee on Wartime Health and Education; Agricultural Adjustment Administration; Senate Subcommittee on Civil Liberties; Senate Labor and Public Welfare Committee; Democratic National Committee
 * Harry Magdoff, Statistical Division of War Production Board and Office of Emergency Management; Bureau of Research and Statistics, WTB; Tools Division, War Production Board; Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce, United States Department of Commerce
 * George Perazich, Foreign Economic Administration; United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration
 * Allen Rosenberg, Board of Economic Warfare; Chief of the Economic Institution Staff, Foreign Economic Administration; Senate Subcommittee on Civil Liberties; Senate Committee on Education and Labor; Railroad Retirement Board; Counsel to the Secretary of the National Labor Relations Board
 * Donald Wheeler, Office of Strategic Services Research and Analysis division

Redhead group

 * Hedwiga Gompertz, Wacek’s wife, sent to the U.S. in 1938 to carry out fieldwork assignments, defected in 1948
 * Paul Massing, scientist at Columbia University’s Institute of Social Research. Defected.
 * Laurence Duggan (aka 19th), former employee of the State Department. Suicide.
 * Franz Leopold Neumann, former consultant in the Department of Research and Analysis of the OSS
 * Rudolf Roessler chief of the very successful, and very odd, Lucy spy ring of World War II

Rosenberg ring

 * Joel Barr, met Julius Rosenberg at City CoIIege of New York, then spied with him and Al Sarant at Army Signal Corps lab in New Jersey; escaped prosecution by fleeing to Soviet bloc in 1950. Died 2007.
 * Max Elitcher, longtime friend of Rosenberg and Sobell from their days at CCNY before testifying against them
 * Klaus Fuchs, physicist who supplied information about the British and American atomic bomb research to the Soviet Union; sentenced to 14 years in the UK.
 * Vivian Glassman, fiancée of Joel Barr
 * Harry Gold, courier sentenced to 30 years
 * David Greenglass, draftsman at Los Alamos in World War Two, gave atomic bomb drawings to his sister Ethel Rosenberg, and eventually the Soviets; sentenced to 15 years
 * Ruth Greenglass, escaped prosecution in exchange for her husband's testimony against his sister and brother-in-law, the Rosenbergs
 * Miriam Moskowitz, convicted of obstruction of justice for assisting Brothman. She was never convicted of being a spy for the Soviet Union.
 * William Perl, active in Young Communist League at CCNY, then met Al Sarant at Columbia University; served 5 years for perjury
 * Morton Sobell, involved with Barr, Perl and Julius Rosenberg at CCNY; sentenced to 30 years at Alcatraz
 * Ethel Rosenberg, executed at Sing Sing prison near her native New York City for conspiracy to commit espionage
 * Julius Rosenberg, executed at Sing Sing prison near his native New York City for conspiracy to commit espionage
 * Al Sarant, stole radar secrets at Army Signal Corps lab in New Jersey, then he and his mistress abandoned their families for the protection of his Soviet masters in 1950
 * Andrew Roth, Office of Naval Intelligence liaison officer with United States Department of State
 * Saville Sax college friend of Theodore Hall assisted with Hall's disclosure to the Soviets of Los Alamos research and development

Silvermaster group

 * Nathan Gregory Silvermaster, Chief Planning Technician, Procurement Division, United States Department of the Treasury; Chief Economist, War Assets Administration; Director of the Labor Division, Farm Security Administration; Board of Economic Warfare; Reconstruction Finance Corporation Department of Commerce
 * Helen Silvermaster (wife)
 * Schlomer Adler, United States Department of the Treasury
 * Norman Chandler Bursler, United States Department of Justice Anti-Trust Division
 * Frank Coe, Assistant Director, Division of Monetary Research, Treasury Department; Special Assistant to the United States Ambassador in London; Assistant to the Executive Director, Board of Economic Warfare; Assistant Administrator, Foreign Economic Administration
 * Lauchlin Currie, Administrative Assistant to President Roosevelt; Deputy Administrator of Foreign Economic Administration; Special Representative to China
 * Bela Gold, Assistant Head of Program Surveys, Bureau of Agricultural Economics, Agriculture Department; Senate Subcommittee on War Mobilization; Office of Economic Programs in Foreign Economic Administration
 * Sonia Steinman Gold, Division of Monetary Research U.S. Treasury Department; U.S. House of Representatives Select Committee on Interstate Migration; U.S. Bureau of Employment Security
 * Irving Kaplan, Foreign Funds Control and Division of Monetary Research, United States Department of the Treasury Foreign Economic Administration; chief advisor to the Military Government of Germany
 * George Silverman, civilian Chief Production Specialist, Material Division, United States Army Air Forces Air Staff, War Department, Pentagon
 * William Henry Taylor, Assistant Director of the Middle East Division of Monetary Research, United States Department of Treasury
 * William Ullman, delegate to United Nations Charter meeting and Bretton Woods conference; Division of Monetary Research, Department of Treasury; Material and Services Division, Air Corps Headquarters, Pentagon
 * Anatole Volkov
 * Harry Dexter White, Assistant Secretary of the Treasury; Head of the International Monetary Fund

Sound and Myrna groups

 * Solomon Adler, United States Department of the Treasury
 * Cedric Belfrage, journalist; British Security Coordination
 * Elizabeth Bentley courier messenger for Communist spy rings on the American East Coast in the 1930s, testified about her activities in hearings in the 1940s and 1950s
 * Frank Coe, Assistant Director, Division of Monetary Research, Treasury Department; Special Assistant to the United States Ambassador in London; Assistant to the Executive Director, Board of Economic Warfare; Assistant Administrator, Foreign Economic Administration
 * Lauchlin Currie, Administrative Assistant to President Roosevelt; Deputy Administrator of Foreign Economic Administration; Special Representative to China
 * Rae Elson, an active Communist, and courier of the CPUSA underground, was chosen by Joseph Katz to replace Bentley at the Soviet front organization, U.S. Shipping and Service Corporation.
 * Frederick V. Field, Executive Secretary American Peace Mobilization
 * Edward Fitzgerald, War Production Board
 * Charles Flato, Board of Economic Warfare; Civil Liberties Subcommittee, Senate Committee on Education and Labor
 * Eva Getzov, Jewish Welfare Board
 * Bela Gold, Bureau of Intelligence, Assistant Head of Program Surveys, Bureau of Agricultural Economics, Agriculture Department; Senate Subcommittee on War Mobilization; Office of Economic Programs in Foreign Economic Administration
 * Sonia Steinman Gold, Division of Monetary Research U.S. Treasury Department; U.S. House of Representatives Select Committee on Interstate Migration; U.S. Bureau of Employment Security
 * Irving Goldman, Office of the Coordinator of Inter-American Affairs
 * Jacob Golos, the "main pillar" of the NKVD intelligence network in the U.S., died in the arms of comrade Elizabeth Bentley
 * Gerald Graze, United States Civil Service Commission; Department of Defense, U.S. Navy official
 * Stanley Graze, United States Department of State intelligence
 * Michael Greenberg, Board of Economic Warfare; Administrative Division, Enemy Branch, Foreign Economic Administration; United States Department of State
 * Joseph Gregg, Office of the Coordinator of Inter-American Affairs; United States Department of State
 * Maurice Halperin, Chief of Latin American Division, Research and Analysis section, Office of Strategic Services; United States Department of State
 * Julius Joseph, Far Eastern section (Japanese Intelligence) Office of Strategic Services
 * Irving Kaplan, United States Department of the Treasury Foreign Economic Administration; United Nations Division of Economic Stability and Development; Chief Advisor to the Military Government of Germany
 * Joseph Katz
 * Charles Kramer, Senate Subcommittee on War Mobilization; Office of Price Administration; National Labor Relations Board; Senate Subcommittee on Wartime Health and Education; Agricultural Adjustment Administration; Civil Liberties Subcommittee, Senate Committee on Education and Labor; Senate Labor and Public Welfare Committee; Democratic National Committee
 * Duncan Lee, counsel to General William Donovan, head of Office of Strategic Services
 * Bernice Levin, Office of Emergency Management; Office of Production Management
 * Helen Lowry, (Elza Akhmerova), Akhmerov wife, American-born and raised, Soviet citizen
 * Harry Magdoff, Chief of the Control Records Section of War Production Board and Office of Emergency Management; Bureau of Research and Statistics, WTB; Tools Division, War Production Board; Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce, United States Department of Commerce; Statistics Division Works Progress Administration
 * Jenny Levy Miller, Chinese Government Purchasing Commission
 * Robert Miller, Office of the Coordinator of Inter-American Affairs; Near Eastern Division United States Department of State
 * Ezra Moscrip, Nuclear Physicist who worked on the Manhattan Project. Accused of selling secrets to the USSR during World War II. Found dead in NYC apartment in 1945
 * Willard Park, Assistant Chief of the Economic Analysis Section, Office of the Coordinator of Inter-American Affairs; United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration
 * Victor Perlo, chief of the Aviation Section of the War Production Board; head of branch in Research Section, Office of Price Administration Department of Commerce; Division of Monetary Research Department of Treasury; Brookings Institution, head of Perlo group
 * Mary Price, stenographer for Walter Lippmann of the New York Herald
 * Bernard Redmont, head of the Foreign News Bureau Office of the Coordinator of Inter-American Affairs
 * William Remington, War Production Board; Office of Emergency Management, convicted for perjury, killed in prison
 * Ruth Rivkin, United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration
 * Allan Rosenberg, Board of Economic Warfare; Chief of the Economic Institution Staff, Foreign Economic Administration; Civil Liberties Subcommittee, Senate Committee on Education and Labor; Railroad Retirement Board; Councel to the Secretary of the National Labor Relations Board
 * Bernard Schuster
 * Greg Silvermaster, Chief Planning Technician, Procurement Division, United States Department of the Treasury; Chief Economist, War Assets Administration; Director of the Labor Division, Farm Security Administration; Board of Economic Warfare; Reconstruction Finance Corporation Department of Commerce
 * John Spivak, journalist
 * William Taylor, Assistant Director of Monetary Research, United States Department of Treasury
 * Helen Tenney, Office of Strategic Services
 * Lee Tenney, Balkan Division Office of Strategic Services
 * Lud Ullman, delegate to United Nations Charter meeting and Bretton Woods conference; Division of Monetary Research, Department of Treasury; Material and Services Division, Air Corps Headquarters, Pentagon
 * David Weintraub, United States Department of State; head of the Office of Foreign Relief and Rehabilitation Operations; United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA); United Nations Division of Economic Stability and Development
 * Donald Wheeler, Office of Strategic Services Research and Analysis division
 * Anatoly Gorsky, (Anatoly Veniaminovich Gorsky, A. V. Gorsky), “Vadim”, former rezident of the MGB USSR in Washington
 * Olga Pravdina, former employee of the Ministry of Trade, wife of “Sergei,” the rezident in New York; author of Gorsky Memo (see Vladimir Pravdin)
 * Vladimir Pravdin, “Sergei”, Tass, former rezident of the MGB USSR in New York
 * Mikhail A. Shaliapin [Shalyapin], “Stock” [“Shtok”]
 * Gaik Badelovich Ovakimian, former rezident of the MGB USSR in New York
 * Iskhak Abdulovich Akhmerov, “Albert” – former Illegal Rezident of the MGB USSR in New York


 * Arthur Gerald Steinberg, United States Office of Scientific Research and Development
 * Michael Straight, speechwriter for President Franklin Roosevelt
 * Lev Vasilevsky, KGB Illegal Rezident Mexico City
 * John Anthony Walker US Navy senior enlisted man who spied for the Soviet Union for decades, enlisting family and friends to do so as well

Ware group

 * Whittaker Chambers, Department of State, testified against Alger Hiss
 * Henry Collins, National Recovery Administration; Department of Agriculture
 * John Herrmann, CPUSA operative and courier, eventually drank himself to death in Mexico
 * Alger Hiss, Department of State, sentenced to 5 years for perjury
 * Donald Hiss, Department of State, younger brother of Alger Hiss
 * Victor Perlo, became spymaster of Perlo group during World War II
 * George Silverman, Harvard-educated statistician who gave secret Pentagon documents to Nathan Silvermaster group during World War II
 * Harry Dexter White, Assistant Secretary of the Treasury; head of the International Monetary Fund which he helped establish along with the World Bank


 * Ruby Weil, American communist who assisted in plot to murder Leon Trotsky
 * Bill Weisband, United States Army Signals Security Agency
 * Enos Wicher, professor at Columbia University who also worked at Columbia's Division of War Research; stepfather of Barnard CoIIege recruitress and State Department spy Flora Wovschin

KGB Illegals

 * Rudolf Abel, aka William Fischer, Illegal Rezident in the 1950s
 * A. I. Akhmerov, “Albert” – former Illegal Rezident of the MGB USSR in New York

GRU

 * Arvid Jacobson

Karl group

 * David Carpenter (David Zimmerman)
 * Noel Field, United States Department of State
 * Harold Glasser, Director, Division of Monetary Research, United States Department of the Treasury; United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration; War Production Board; Advisor on North African Affairs Committee; United States Treasury Representative to the Allied High Commission in Italy
 * Alger Hiss, United States Department of State, sentenced to 5 years for perjury
 * Donald Hiss, United States Department of State; United States Department of Labor; United States Department of the Interior
 * Victor Perlo, chief of the Aviation Section of the War Production Board; head of branch in Research Section, Office of Price Administration Department of Commerce; Division of Monetary Research Department of Treasury; Brookings Institution, head of Perlo group
 * J. Peters
 * William Ward Pigman, National Bureau of Standards; Labor and Public Welfare Committee
 * Vincent Reno, mathematician at United States Army Aberdeen Proving Ground
 * George Silverman, Director of the Bureau of Research and Information Services, US Railroad Retirement Board; Economic Adviser and Chief of Analysis and Plans, Assistant Chief of Air Staff, Material and Services, War Department
 * Julian Wadleigh, United States Department of State
 * Harry Dexter White, Assistant Secretary of the Treasury; Head of the International Monetary Fund
 * Viktor Vasilevish Sveshchnikov, United States War Department

Portland ring

 * Konon Molody (aka Gordon Lonsdale)
 * Juliet Poyntz
 * Fred Rose (politician), Canadian Member of Parliament, first elected from the Labour-Progressive Party (Canada) 1943
 * Milton Schwartz

Sorge ring

 * Chen Han-seng
 * Hotsumi Ozaki
 * Agnes Smedley
 * William Spiegel
 * Lydia Stahl
 * Joseph Benjamin Stenbuck
 * Irving Charles Velson, Brooklyn Navy Yard; American Labor Party candidate for New York State Senate
 * Flora Wovschin, NKVD operative in U.S. State Department, comrade of Marion Davis Berdecio and Judith Coplon from their days at Columbia University
 * Vasily Zarubin, husband of Elizabeth Zubilin
 * Elizabeth Zubilin, recruiter in U.S. of whom Pavel Sudoplatov, head of NKVD Fourth Directorate said, "In developing J. Robert Oppenheimer as a source, Elizabeth Zubilin was essential."

Others

 * Yuri Modin 1930s 'recruiter' in UK
 * Will Morgan
 * Julia Older, Office of Strategic Services; Office of War Information
 * Alexander Orlov, KGB adviser to the Republican government during the Spanish Civil War who defected to the United States in 1938.

GRU Illegals

 * Moishe Stern
 * Joshua Tamer
 * Alfred Tilton
 * Alexander Ulanovsky
 * Ignacy Witczak

Naval GRU

 * Jack Fahy (Naval GRU), Office of the Coordinator of Inter-American Affairs; Board of Economic Warfare; United States Department of the Interior
 * Edna Patterson Naval GRU, served in US August 1943 to 1956

Unknown affiliation, to sort

 * Morris Cohen (Soviet spy) sentenced to 25 years; subject of Hugh Whitemore's drama for stage and TV Pack of Lies
 * Lona Cohen, Soviet spy sentenced to 20 years; subject of Hugh Whitemore's drama for stage and TV Pack of Lies
 * George Koval
 * Samuel Krafsur, TASS reporter who was mentioned prominently in the Venona Files.
 * Earl Edwin Pitts, CIA